Sunday, 6 September 2026

Sarath: The Questions He Asked, The World He Left Behind

 

Sarath: The Questions He Asked, The World He Left Behind

Dear friend Sarath has passed away.

Whenever I hear the song that begins with “Oru Chempaneer Pooviruthu Njanamomale, Oruvela Nin Nerkku Neettyille…”, written by Prabha Varma, composed and sung by Unni Menon for the film Sthithi, I am reminded of Sarath. Whenever the song played on the radio, I would tell him, “The first person I remember when I hear this song is you, Sarath.”

We both firmly believed that a film belongs, above all, to the person who writes its script and directs it. Perhaps that shared conviction was one of the many things that brought us close. Our conversations were never confined to cinema. We spoke about art, literature, music, society and our professions. There was rarely any awkwardness between us; conversations flowed naturally because we seemed to share a similar curiosity about the world around us.

I first met Sarath when I went to the Kalakaumudi office to meet Jayachandran Nair. Sarath was working there as a journalist before joining the Information and Public Relations Department of Kerala. Later, when I was working at the Kerala House Information Office in Delhi, Sarath used to visit me regularly.

Those were the days when he was working on Geethagovindam, a multimedia production for the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, along with the eminent art scholar Kapila Vatsyayan. It was an ambitious and magnificent project that brought together many of the great names of the Indian dance world. Mohiniyattam, for instance, was represented by Deepti Omchery.

Sarath's first film, Sayahnam, established him immediately as a filmmaker of distinctive vision. It also confirmed the influence of two important figures in his artistic journey—Shaji N. Karun and Jayachandran Nair. Sayahnam created a different kind of impact on the audience and critics alike. Just as Shaji N. Karun's Piravi became a benchmark against which his later films were often judged, Sarath's subsequent films too were inevitably viewed against the extraordinary standard set by Sayahnam.

A single film brought Sarath national and international recognition. The awards won by Sayahnam were not merely a remarkable achievement for a debutant director; they were also a recognition of a distinctive cinematic language. By dealing seriously with the conflict between politics, the environment and human conscience, the film announced Sarath's artistic vision with remarkable clarity. It won several State Awards and earned Sarath the National Award for Best First Film of a Director. It was also screened at international film festivals.

That questioning and inquisitive mind continued to express itself in his later films—Sthithi, Sheelabathi, Parudeesa, Buddhanum Chaplinum Chirikunnu and Swayam. His characters were often people pushed to the margins of society. Through his camera, Sarath explored the extraordinary pain, loneliness and conflicts hidden within ordinary lives.

His creative interests extended beyond feature films. He made documentaries on a variety of subjects, including Kerala's mural tradition and Bhoomikkoru Charamageetham, which brought together the poet O.N.V. Kurup and actor Kavya Madhavan.

The same inquisitive spirit that characterised Sarath's films was also an essential part of his personality. He had an openness to new ideas, a deep affinity for art, an enduring curiosity about history and a persistent uneasiness about injustice in society. All these qualities found their way into his creative work.

After joining the Public Relations Department, Sarath made valuable contributions to Kerala's cultural and literary life through his responsibilities at institutions such as Vyloppilli Samskriti Bhavan and Bharat Bhavan. He possessed the rare ability to pursue a demanding official career while simultaneously nurturing a deeply creative life.

I remember one particular project with special affection. When Sarath was Deputy Director of Audio-Visual Communications, he wanted to make a meaningful documentary on the poet and environmental activist Sugathakumari Teacher. He entrusted me with writing the script. I prepared the script and submitted it, and it received the approval of the expert committee for production. Sarath wanted the renowned filmmaker K.P. Kumaran to direct the documentary. Unfortunately, the project never materialised. Even in our recent telephone conversations, Sarath would sometimes speak with sadness about that aborted project. It remained a regret he carried with him.

Sarath is no longer with us. But the world he observed, the questions he raised and the art and culture he cherished will remain.When we watch his films again, we will see not merely a director behind the camera. We will see a sensitive and questioning human being who tried to understand society in his own way and express what he saw through cinema.

All of us will eventually pass away. What remains are the good things we have done for society, the lives we have touched and the ideas and works we leave behind.

There is no doubt that Sarath will continue to live through the films and documentaries he created, the questions he raised and the memories he left in the hearts of those who knew him.

Paying my heartfelt tribute to the memory of my dear friend Sarath.

 


NATIONAL ANNUAL PREVENTIVE HEALTH ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME

 

NATIONAL ANNUAL PREVENTIVE HEALTH ASSESSMENT PROGRAMME

Submitted to:
The Hon'ble Minister for Health & Family Welfare
Government of India, New Delhi

Background

India has made considerable progress in expanding access to healthcare. However, the healthcare system continues to carry a substantial burden of diseases that could be detected and managed much earlier through systematic preventive screening.

People for Better Society (PEBS) proposes that India should move beyond disease-specific or situation-specific compulsory testing and consider establishing a National Annual Preventive Health Assessment Programme (NAPHA) for citizens.

The objective would be simple:

Prevention before treatment, early detection before advanced disease, and accessible healthcare before illness becomes a crisis.

The proposed programme should build upon and strengthen existing Government health infrastructure, particularly the Ayushman Arogya Mandirs and the National Health Mission, rather than creating an entirely parallel system.

Objectives

The proposed National Annual Preventive Health Assessment Programme would aim to:

  • Promote preventive healthcare as an integral part of India's health system.
  • Encourage citizens to undergo periodic health assessments.
  • Detect major diseases at an early and treatable stage.
  • Strengthen primary healthcare and referral systems.
  • Reduce avoidable complications and long-term healthcare expenditure.
  • Generate reliable, anonymised population-level health information for Government planning.
  • Create additional employment opportunities in healthcare, diagnostics and medical technology.
  • Reduce unnecessary duplication of diagnostic tests.

Proposed Annual Health Assessment

The Government may establish a basic annual preventive-health package, with additional investigations determined by age, sex, family history, occupation, lifestyle and medical risk.

The basic assessment could include:

  • General medical examination
  • Blood pressure, pulse, height, weight and BodyMassIndex
  • Blood sugar
  • Basic blood investigations
  • Screening for anaemia and nutritional deficiencies where appropriate
  • Cardiovascular-risk assessment
  • Kidney and liver assessment according to age and risk
  • Age-appropriate cancer screening
  • Tuberculosis screening based on symptoms and risk
  • Eye and oral-health assessment
  • Women's health assessment where appropriate
  • Mental-health screening and referral
  • Health, nutrition and lifestyle counselling

Importantly, the programme should not mean that every person undergoes every laboratory investigation every year. Medical protocols should determine which tests are clinically appropriate.

Consent, Confidentiality and Individual Rights

The programme should be founded on the principles of informed consent, confidentiality, non-discrimination and patient dignity.

HIV testing and other sensitive investigations should be conducted in accordance with applicable law and national guidelines. The programme should encourage voluntary testing and early treatment rather than create stigma or fear.

Health information must not be used to discriminate against citizens in employment, marriage, education, insurance or other areas.

A national digital preventive-health record should therefore incorporate strong privacy, cybersecurity and access-control safeguards.

Free and Affordable Access

The Government should provide the basic preventive assessment free of cost to economically weaker and vulnerable sections.

For other citizens, the basic package should preferably remain free or highly affordable, while additional investigations could be provided at regulated and reasonable rates.

The programme should make maximum use of existing public-health infrastructure, including:

  • Ayushman Arogya Mandirs
  • Primary Health Centres
  • Community Health Centres
  • Taluk hospitals
  • District hospitals
  • Government diagnostic laboratories

Accredited private laboratories and hospitals could also be brought into the programme under appropriate quality-control and pricing standards.

 National Preventive Health Record

Every participating citizen could be provided with a secure digital Preventive Health Record containing relevant test results and medical assessments.

This would provide a continuous record of an individual's preventive healthcare and help doctors identify changes in health over time.

Where a recent test is already available and remains medically valid, the same report should, wherever legally and clinically appropriate, be accepted by another authorised institution instead of automatically repeating the test.

This could be particularly useful for health assessments required for:

  • employment,
  • higher education,
  • insurance,
  • overseas travel and visa procedures,
  • occupational requirements, and
  • other Government-prescribed purposes.

The system should reduce unnecessary duplication without preventing doctors from ordering additional tests when medically justified.

Early Detection and Treatment

A nationwide preventive-health programme would help the Government identify disease trends and improve early intervention for conditions such as:

  • Cancer
  • Heart and cardiovascular diseases
  • Diabetes
  • Hypertension
  • Tuberculosis
  • Kidney diseases
  • Liver diseases
  • Respiratory diseases
  • Women's health conditions
  • Nutritional deficiencies

Early identification can improve treatment outcomes and, in many cases, reduce the financial and social burden of advanced disease.

Employment and Economic Benefits

The programme could also become a significant employment-generating initiative.

Expansion of preventive healthcare would create demand for:

  • Laboratory technicians
  • Nurses
  • Doctors and medical officers
  • Community-health workers
  • Counsellors
  • Health educators
  • Data-management professionals
  • Biomedical-equipment technicians

It would simultaneously encourage domestic production of:

  • Diagnostic equipment
  • Laboratory instruments
  • Reagents and testing materials
  • Medical consumables
  • Digital-health technologies

Thus, investment in preventive healthcare can also contribute to employment generation, domestic manufacturing and India's healthcare economy.

Use of Health Data for National Planning

Individual health information must remain confidential. However, properly anonymised and aggregated data could provide valuable information for public-health planning.

It could help the Government identify:

  • Disease patterns across States and districts
  • High-risk populations
  • Emerging health threats
  • Requirements for hospitals and laboratories
  • Demand for medicines and medical equipment
  • Areas requiring targeted preventive programmes

This would enable India to move progressively from a predominantly treatment-oriented healthcare model to a prevention-oriented healthcare model.

 Implementation Strategy

PEBS recommends that the Government first launch the programme as a pilot project in selected districts representing rural, urban, tribal and economically diverse populations.

An expert committee may establish:

  1. Standard national preventive-health protocols.
  2. Age- and risk-specific screening packages.
  3. Laboratory quality standards.
  4. Referral and treatment mechanisms.
  5. Digital-health and privacy safeguards.
  6. Training requirements for healthcare personnel.
  7. Mechanisms for monitoring and evaluation.

Following an independent assessment of the pilot programme, the system could be progressively expanded across the country.

Expected Outcomes

The proposed programme could:

• Promote a culture of preventive healthcare
• Detect diseases earlier
• Reduce avoidable complications
• Strengthen primary healthcare
• Reduce duplication of medical tests
• Improve national health planning
• Generate substantial employment
• Promote domestic diagnostic manufacturing
• Improve health awareness among citizens
• Contribute to a healthier and more productive population

Recommendation

PEBS respectfully recommends that the Government of India constitute an Expert Committee on National Preventive Healthcare to examine the feasibility of establishing a National Annual Preventive Health Assessment Programme.

The Committee may include public-health experts, doctors, epidemiologists, laboratory specialists, legal experts, economists, health-technology specialists and representatives of civil society.

The programme should be designed around one fundamental principle:

Every Indian should have the opportunity to know his or her health status early, receive appropriate advice and obtain timely treatment—without compromising privacy, dignity or individual rights.

PEBS believes that a systematic national preventive-health programme can become a major investment in India's human capital and could ultimately save lives, reduce healthcare costs and contribute to the creation of a healthier, more productive and more secure India.

Submitted by
People for Better Society (PEBS)

V. R. Ajith Kumar
President, PEBS


Wednesday, 2 September 2026

Through the heart land trio- Part 5 -Rajgir: Echoes of Empires and the Quiet Wisdom of the Hills

 



 

Rajgir: Echoes of Empires and the Quiet Wisdom of the Hills

We left for Rajgir at 7 a.m. The roads were wide and well developed, flanked by fertile fields, making the journey smooth and pleasant. Small clusters of houses appeared here and there along the way. Since it was a holiday, the villages were waking up slowly. People brushed their teeth with neem sticks or similar twigs, sat together, shared stories, and laughed. Children hopped about like lambs. It was clear that many families still had children born almost exactly a year apart. The population growth in Bihar was visible everywhere.

The idea of having fewer children for better education, nutrition, and health has not yet taken root in these villages. Children are seen as gifts from God—so God, they believe, will also provide the food. It also appears that the authorities are not taking significant steps to control population growth. Even the Finance Commission’s formula of allocating more funds to highly populated states reinforce this trend. Kids grow up alongside pets, a scene once common throughout India but now changed in the South and Northeast. Hardly anyone was looking at mobile phones. Mobile literacy is still low here, perhaps one reason why their happiness index seems so high. In any case, expecting Indian villages—especially those in Bihar and Bengal—to align fully with the idea of a “Developed India 2047” may be unrealistic at the moment.


A Glimpse of Gaya

There was a huge crowd in Gaya. Devotees had come in large numbers to perform Pinda Tharpanam at the Vishnupada Temple. On special days, groups of pilgrims could be seen on every road. People bathed and performed daily rituals on the roadside. Almost everyone brushed their teeth with neem sticks; toothbrushes and toothpaste seemed uncommon. Perhaps this is why their teeth and gums remain healthy.

Tradition requires performing Pitru Tharpanam in the Phalgu River and praying at the feet of Vishnu. The roads near the temple were extremely narrow, and vehicles were parked everywhere. If authorities set up proper crowd management—restricting vehicles and allowing only pedestrians near the temple—the situation could be handled much better. But we did not see a single policeman attempting such regulation. We avoided the temple area to escape the congestion and continued our journey toward Rajgir.


Through Villages and Fields

In many parts of Bihar, mud houses have now been replaced by brick houses, though most remain unplastered on the outside. It is unclear whether the interiors are plastered. Rapid conversion of farmlands into building sites is common since development always begins by swallowing the fields.

We passed through places like Kadautia, Mansa, Uptu, Sarbandha, and Chabilapur before reaching Rajgir. In ancient times, this city was known as Rajgriha, or “The House of the King.” It served as the capital of the Magadha Empire for five hundred years, until the capital shifted to Pataliputra (modern-day Patna) in the 5th century BCE. The Mahabharata mentions Rajgriha as well. It is believed to be the ancient city of Girivraja, the capital of King Jarasandha, and the site of his legendary battle with Bhima.


Rajgir: Where History Breathes

The Bihar Police Academy is located in Rajgir. We stopped at a tea shop in front of it, run by Ashok Gupta. One wonders whether he might be connected to the lineage of the old Gupta Empire—perhaps a distant descendant who moved away from power as centuries passed.

Nearby, an international-standard stadium is nearing completion. The Hero Asia Cup hockey championship was held here in 2025. The Nalanda International College, operating under the Ministry of External Affairs, is also located in Rajgir.

We continued our journey and reached the spot where the Vishwa Shanti Stupa stands. Tourists here travel by horse-drawn carriages and e-autos, and many locals earn their livelihood from tourism. We chose the horse carriage driven by Jagmohan, a kind gentleman. His horse, a lively three-year-old named Rani Rajkumari, carried us gracefully. Two of us sat in front and two behind, while Jagmohan held the reins and guided Rani along the path.


Bimbisara’s Prison and a King’s Last Wish

Our first stop was Bimbisara Jail. There is little to see now, but this is believed to be the place where King Bimbisara was imprisoned by his son Ajatashatru. History says that Buddha meditated on the hill behind the prison, and Bimbisara had requested that the cell be built so that he could see that hill every day. The story reminded me of Emperor Shah Jahan’s house arrest in Agra Fort under Aurangzeb, where he insisted on a room from which he could gaze at the Taj Mahal. Power struggles, it seems, repeat themselves endlessly through time.


The Peace Pagoda on Ratnagiri Hill

From there, we ascended the Vishwa Shanti Stupa on Ratnagiri Hill—an elegant, pearly white pagoda built by a Japanese Buddhist organisation. The foundation stone was laid by President Dr. S. Radhakrishnan on March 6, 1965, and the structure was completed in 1969. The Nipponzan Myohoji Buddhists, followers of the Lotus Sutra, have built such Peace Pagodas worldwide. After the atomic bombings of Japan, it was Fuji Guruji who championed these stupas as symbols of global peace.

A large Buddha statue and memorial stand here, along with a nearby Buddhist temple. The area is spacious and attracts many foreign tourists from Asian countries. We used the regular ropeway since India’s oldest single-seater ropeway here is under repair. The ride to the hilltop offers a spectacular aerial view of the valley.


Where the Buddha and the Tirthankaras Walked

Rajgir is one of the most sacred landscapes in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha lived here for many years, meditating and teaching. It was on the Gridhrakuta (Eagle’s Peak) that he first delivered the Lotus Sutra. King Bimbisara built Buddha’s first monastery here, known as Venuvanam, the Bamboo Grove.

After Buddha’s passing in 400 BCE, the First Buddhist Council was convened here, in the Saptaparni Cave, to compile his teachings.

Rajgir is also important to Jainism. Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, spent fourteen years here, and the 20th Tirthankara, Munisuvrata, was also born in this region.


The Golden Treasury of Bimbisara

We next visited the site known as the Golden Treasury of Bimbisara, which consists of two chambers. Their doors are gone now. It is said that Jain ascetics once lived here. Some sculptures carved on the walls have been vandalised. Unfortunately, there is little effort to preserve what remains. The ruins of an ancient stone wall—forty kilometres long—still surround parts of the old city, an impressive example of pre-Mauryan engineering.

Though Rajgir also has a forest safari and hot springs, we did not stop to visit them. After having lunch at a small hotel in Rajgir, we left for Nalanda, the legendary land of wisdom and knowledge.


Tuesday, 1 September 2026

World of Fools: When Greed Meets Fraud


 World of Fools: When Greed Meets Fraud

We can only bow down to the masterminds behind the VPVV company, who allegedly forged documents to create the impression that the company had won a contract to manufacture weapons in India for the US Department of Defence, and in the process defrauded investors of thousands of crores.

What is even more astonishing is the courage and ingenuity with which hundreds of people were reportedly lured into the scheme. Many of those caught in such frauds are people who appear extremely clever and sophisticated, yet are themselves trying to convert or conceal crores of unaccounted money allegedly earned by cheating the government or the public. They may consider themselves smart, but their actions suggest otherwise.

But when we hear allegations that politicians were also associated with the business network, the question becomes more complicated. Into which category should they be placed?

Unfortunately, political connections appearing alongside major fraud cases are nothing new. We saw a similar phenomenon in the case of self-proclaimed antiquities dealer and cosmetologist Monson Mavungal, who was arrested by the police in 2021. His alleged fraud network also had connections with politicians and influential people.

Reports regarding the VPVV case indicate that political leaders from leading parties in several states were allegedly associated with the network. Some were reportedly involved as intermediaries in land transactions and in bringing potential investors to the company.

If political influence has indeed been used to obstruct or slow down the investigation, that would be a matter of serious concern. The investigation must therefore be allowed to proceed independently, without fear or favour. So far, three people have reportedly been arrested. The possibility of a much larger network—and attempts by its members to evade investigation—cannot be ignored.

The flow of money in such cases and the psychology of greed are difficult for ordinary people to comprehend. How can people who have accumulated crores through questionable means become so desperate to multiply their wealth that they fall for extraordinary promises of even greater returns?

Perhaps the most uncomfortable truth is that we should be cautious about describing everyone involved as a victim. There may be genuine victims who were deceived. But there may also be people who entered the scheme because they were attracted by greed or because they wanted to legitimise unaccounted wealth.

The government and investigating agencies must follow the money trail wherever it leads. If substantial amounts of illegally acquired money can be recovered and brought into the public treasury, that money can ultimately be put to legitimate use for public welfare.

Fraud thrives where greed, secrecy, political influence and institutional weakness come together. The best answer is not merely to arrest a few individuals, but to dismantle the entire network, recover the proceeds of crime and ensure that no one—however powerful—is allowed to escape accountability.

In the world of fools, the cleverest predator is often the one who convinces others that they are the clever ones.

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